The leading rival of Morales's handpicked successor, Luis Arce, conceded defeat as did interim President Jeanine Áñez, a bitter foe of Morales.
Áñez's government tried to overturn many of Morales' policies and wrench the country away from its leftist alliances.
“Arce is not Morales, but the question is, who is going to govern Bolivia facing the approaching crisis," said political science professor Franklin Pareja.
He shrugged aside a public vote that had set term limits, and competed in the October 2019 presidential vote, which he claimed to have narrowly won outright.
When police and military leaders suggested he leave, Morales resigned and fled the country, along with several key aides.